What are some examples of a leader using cognitive flexibility?
- Lucy examines her preconceptions to determine whether or not they're accurate
- Hugh is comfortable knowing that he can't foretell all the possible outcomes of his decision
- Justin takes advice from a colleague and changes his approach to the problem
Which examples show leaders who are skilled in cognitive flexibility?
- Ed is curious about other ways of doing things, even when it leads him into unknown territory
- Christine knows how to bend the rules when she needs to come up with a novel solution
- Fern identifies that her approach isn't working, so she decides to make changes
Which examples show leaders thinking critically or using cognitive flexibility?
- Omar has to solve a conflict between two team members. He asks them to work together on a high-stakes project to give them a shared mission.
- Kelly needs to implement a change to her team's work processes. She polls her employees about their feelings on it, and uses a chart to analyze the data before continuing.
Match the analytical techniques to the corresponding stages in the critical thinking process. Each stage may have more than one match.
- Investigate - Documented role play - Flow diagrams - Explorative matrices - Cause and effect diagrams
- Intake - Process diagrams - Brainstorming - Affinity diagrams
Libby thinks a second environmental impact report is needed for a project, but Jonas disagrees.
Match the examples of Jonas's faulty reasoning to the fallacies they represent.
- "When it works out, everyone will think I was a genius for suggesting it."
- Insufficient support - "We don't need another report. I've done this a million times, and I know it'll be fine." - "Last time we used new software, it made a big difference to engagement. This time will definitely be the same."
- Misdirection - "I can't believe you want to frustrate our client with a second assessment." - "You're just afraid of change."
- Cognitive bias - "I don't believe in all that 'green' nonsense anyway." - "It says it right in the description: 'Perfect for company web sites. ' They wouldn't say that if it wasn't true."
What are some key questions to ask in coming to a decision in the act stage?
- How will I learn from my actions?
- What does the evidence say?
- What will it take to execute this decision?
Which questions are important to ask when using critical thinking to reach a decision?
- Can we interpret the evidence in any other way?
- What are the implications of the decision we're considering?
- What are the risks and benefits of this decision?
What are some examples of the intake stage of critical thinking?
- Wendy examines the data to figure out whether it's relevant and logical
- Trevor asks his colleagues for input and separates facts from opinions in their answers
- Debbie identifies the initial questions that need to be asked about her problem
Which examples represent actions taken during the intake stage of critical thinking?
- Charlene considers the context in which her problem has arisen
- Walter asks his team members for their perspectives on the problem
- Bill identifies the assumptions on which he's basing his thinking
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What are some examples of leaders thinking critically?
- Arlene's team is upset about a product briefing by the CEO. Arlene recognizes there are implications for the company if the team is not aligned with the executive's direction.
- Diego has heard that budget cuts are coming. He asks about their nature, and takes note that they are only related to certain programs.
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